{"id":1066,"date":"2023-12-21T15:09:19","date_gmt":"2023-12-21T14:09:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/divland.cz\/?p=1066"},"modified":"2024-01-02T09:47:49","modified_gmt":"2024-01-02T08:47:49","slug":"vyzkum-biotopovych-vazeb-hmyzich-druhu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/divland.cz\/en\/vyzkum-biotopovych-vazeb-hmyzich-druhu\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u00fdzkum biotopov\u00fdch vazeb hmyz\u00edch druh\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"

V r\u00e1mci pracovn\u00edho bal\u00ed\u010dku WP E.4 prob\u00edh\u00e1 sb\u011br dat o dal\u0161\u00edch druhuz\u00edch rovnok\u0159\u00eddl\u00e9ho hmyzu, aby mohl t\u00fdm z\u00edskat ucelen\u00fd p\u0159ehled o jejich mikrobiotopov\u00fdch n\u00e1roc\u00edch a mohl d\u00e1le tuto skupinu (rovnok\u0159\u00eddl\u00fd hmyz) efektivn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edt pro monitoring biodiverzity a ochran\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 hodnoty travnat\u00fdch biotop\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(Aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nek: https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-023-47789-z<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Navazuje tak na p\u0159edchoz\u00ed v\u00fdzkum, kter\u00fd byl takt\u00e9\u017e publikovan\u00fd s podporou DivLandu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Otev\u0159en\u00e9 travnat\u00e9 biotopy pat\u0159\u00ed k nejohro\u017een\u011bj\u0161\u00edm ve st\u0159edn\u00ed Evrop\u011b. Kdysi drobnozrnn\u00e1 mozaika tradi\u010dn\u011b obhospoda\u0159ovan\u00fdch pol\u00ed\u010dek, luk, pastvin a sad\u016f byla p\u0159em\u011bn\u011bna v \u0161ir\u00e9 monokulturn\u00ed, intenzivn\u011b obd\u011bl\u00e1van\u00e9 l\u00e1ny. Takt\u00e9\u017e louky jsou v sou\u010dasnosti vystaveny mnohem intenzivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu mechanizovan\u00e9mu se\u010den\u00ed \u010di hnojen\u00ed a pastviny jsou mnohdy je\u0161t\u011b intenzivn\u011bji paseny. V\u0161echny tyto faktory vedly ke zna\u010dn\u00e9mu \u00fabytku a fragmentaci zachoval\u00fdch biotop\u016f a t\u00edm i populac\u00ed druh\u016f, kter\u00e9 je ob\u00fdvaj\u00ed. Zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b ohro\u017eeny jsou pak druhy v\u00e1zan\u00e9 na such\u00e9 tr\u00e1vn\u00edky a stepi, ale i na nezapojenou mok\u0159adn\u00ed vegetaci vyskytuj\u00edc\u00ed se na slanisk\u00e1ch \u010di dnech a b\u0159ez\u00edch periodick\u00fdch t\u016fn\u00ed. Mnoh\u00e9 p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed fragmenty kvalitn\u00edch biotop\u016f pak d\u00e1le trp\u00ed na postupn\u00e9 zar\u016fst\u00e1n\u00ed k\u0159ovinami a n\u00e1sledn\u011b lesem. Na druhou stranu, n\u011bkter\u00e9 na prvn\u00ed pohled zna\u010dn\u011b destruktivn\u00ed v\u00fdsledky lidsk\u00e9 \u010dinnosti jako lomy, nav\u00e1\u017eky materi\u00e1l\u016f, odkali\u0161t\u011b a pop\u00edlkovi\u0161t\u011b, se uk\u00e1zaly b\u00fdt vhodn\u00fdmi n\u00e1hradn\u00edmi biotopy pro mnoh\u00e9 vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 a n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 druhy. Abychom pochopili, pro\u010d jsou n\u011bkter\u00e9 druhy \u00fabytkem biotop\u016f v\u00edce zasa\u017eeny ne\u017e jin\u00e9, pro\u010d n\u011bkter\u00e9 dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edvat zd\u00e1nliv\u011b nehostinn\u00e9 n\u00e1hradn\u00ed biotopy a abychom mohli hodnotit r\u016fzn\u00e9 zp\u016fsoby p\u00e9\u010de o dot\u010den\u00e9 biotopy, mus\u00edme porozum\u011bt biotopov\u00fdm vazb\u00e1m jednotliv\u00fdch druh\u016f. Jeliko\u017e nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 obs\u00e1hnout ve\u0161ker\u00e9 druhy \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed na travnat\u00fdch biotopech, pot\u0159ebujeme vybranou reprezentativn\u00ed skupinu, kter\u00e1 bude slou\u017eit jako bioindik\u00e1tory.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rovnok\u0159\u00eddl\u00ed (Orthoptera) pat\u0159\u00ed mezi n\u00e1padn\u00e9 obyvatele travnat\u00fdch biotop\u016f. Velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st druh\u016f jsou v\u00fdznamn\u00fdmi konzumenty travinobylinn\u00e9 vegetace. Na druhou stranu pak slou\u017e\u00ed jako z\u00e1sadn\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st potravy pt\u00e1k\u016f, plaz\u016f, drobn\u00fdch hlodavc\u016f a r\u016fzn\u00fdch drav\u00fdch bezobratl\u00fdch. Bylo vypozorov\u00e1no, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd druh vy\u017eaduje pro sv\u00e9 p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed a \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 rozmno\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed specifick\u00e9 lok\u00e1ln\u00ed podm\u00ednky \u2013 vhodnou strukturu vegetace a mikroklima. Jeliko\u017e ob\u011b slo\u017eky jsou p\u0159\u00edmo z\u00e1visl\u00e9 na zp\u016fsobu obhospoda\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed dan\u00e9 lokality, mohli by rovnok\u0159\u00eddl\u00ed slou\u017eit jako ide\u00e1ln\u00ed bioindik\u00e1tory travnat\u00fdch biotop\u016f. Doposud v\u0161ak p\u0159esn\u011b nezn\u00e1me biotopov\u00e9 n\u00e1roky jednotliv\u00fdch druh\u016f a pln\u011b nerozum\u00edme, jak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem je lok\u00e1ln\u00ed podm\u00ednky a jejich jednotliv\u00e9 slo\u017eky ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V na\u0161em v\u00fdzkumu jsme p\u0159esn\u011b popsali, jak\u00e9 lok\u00e1ln\u00ed podm\u00ednky stanovi\u0161t\u011b jednotliv\u00e9 druhy up\u0159ednost\u0148uj\u00ed, a to sice pro vlhkost, v\u00fd\u0161ku a hustotu vegetace, p\u0159\u00edjem slune\u010dn\u00edho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed a pr\u016fm\u011brnou teplotu. Tak\u00e9 jsme popsali \u0161\u00ed\u0159ku ekologick\u00e9 niky pro jednotliv\u00e9 zkouman\u00e9 parametry prost\u0159ed\u00ed. D\u00e1le jsme potvrdili, \u017ee specializovan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed druhy s \u00fazkou nikou jsou v\u00edce ohro\u017een\u00e9. V\u0161e jsme shrnuli do bioindika\u010dn\u00ed tabulky, kter\u00e1 bude v budoucnu roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1na o dal\u0161\u00ed druhy \u010di parametry stanovi\u0161t\u011b, a p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm bude slou\u017eit jako podklad pro hodnocen\u00ed kvality biotop\u016f a vlivu r\u016fzn\u00fdch typ\u016f hospoda\u0159en\u00ed a ochran\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010de.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biocon.2021.109406<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V r\u00e1mci pracovn\u00edho bal\u00ed\u010dku WP E.4 prob\u00edh\u00e1 sb\u011br dat o dal\u0161\u00edch druhuz\u00edch rovnok\u0159\u00eddl\u00e9ho hmyzu, aby mohl t\u00fdm z\u00edskat ucelen\u00fd p\u0159ehled o jejich mikrobiotopov\u00fdch n\u00e1roc\u00edch a mohl d\u00e1le tuto skupinu (rovnok\u0159\u00eddl\u00fd hmyz) efektivn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edt pro monitoring biodiverzity a ochran\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 hodnoty travnat\u00fdch biotop\u016f. (Aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nek: https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-023-47789-z) Navazuje tak na p\u0159edchoz\u00ed v\u00fdzkum, kter\u00fd byl takt\u00e9\u017e publikovan\u00fd s podporou […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1067,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"off","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"1080","cybocfi_hide_featured_image":"yes","footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[18,16],"class_list":["post-1066","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktuality","tag-clanek","tag-e"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/divland.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1066","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/divland.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/divland.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/divland.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/divland.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1066"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/divland.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1066\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1072,"href":"https:\/\/divland.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1066\/revisions\/1072"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/divland.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1067"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/divland.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1066"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/divland.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1066"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/divland.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1066"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}